Saturday, July 19, 2014

THE HOUSE AND 2000 LOVES OF Charlie Chaplin

 

 

 

2,000 lovers of the comedy genius who didn't like women: New book reveals Charlie Chaplin's obsession with young girls - and how cruelly he treated them

  • Chaplin never trusted women, writes Peter Ackroyd in new book on actor
  • ‘I am not exactly in love with her, but she is entirely in love with me,’ actor said of ideal woman
  • Distinguished biographer tells of Chaplin's affairs often with women under-18
  • Ex-wife described him as 'short-tempered' man who treated her like a 'cretin'

At parties, Charlie Chaplin could usually be counted on to liven up the atmosphere. Determined to be the centre of attention, he’d mime the parts of a bull and matador or dance with invisible balloons.

Then, using his skills as a mimic, he’d pretend to be one Hollywood leading lady after another — in the throes of love-making.

Whether he’d slept with them all is open to doubt, but he was incorrigible in making advances to female film stars.

Charlie Chaplin pictured with one of his many wives, Lita Grey. In his new book, biographer Peter Ackroyd describes Chaplin as 'incorrigible in making advances to female stars'. Chaplin confessed to having sexual relations with more than 2,000 women

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Charlie Chaplin pictured with one of his many wives, Lita Grey. In his new book, biographer Peter Ackroyd describes Chaplin as 'incorrigible in making advances to female stars'. Chaplin confessed to having sexual relations with more than 2,000 women

He boasted frequently about his conquests, and eventually confessed to having had sexual relations with more than 2,000 women. What did they all see in him? Of course, it helped that by his mid-20s, his phenomenally successful films had made him the most recognised man in the world.

He was short — between 5ft 4in and 5ft 6½in — and his head was a little too large for his lithe and delicate body. But Chaplin was considered by most to be good-looking, with his deep blue eyes, crinkly coal-black hair, skin like ivory, neat white teeth and lips that were firm and meaty.

He was short, between 5ft 4in and 5ft 6½in, and his head was a little too large for his lithe and delicate body. But Chaplin was considered by most to be good-looking

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He was short, between 5ft 4in and 5ft 6½in, and his head was a little too large for his lithe and delicate body. But Chaplin was considered by most to be good-looking

Most of the time, he used and discarded his partners at will. When asked by Vanity Fair in 1926 to describe his ideal woman, he replied: ‘I am not exactly in love with her, but she is entirely in love with me.’

Chaplin never really trusted women. He always feared loss and abandonment, slight and injury, and would indulge in paroxysms of jealousy on the smallest provocation.

His complicated attitude is reflected in his films. On celluloid, Charlie is often bashful with respectable females, approaching them tentatively.

Towards ‘loose’ women, however, he is vulgar and aggressive — using his cane, for instance, to hook them by the neck or legs and drag them nearer.

No one had particularly high expectations of this apparently reserved young Englishman when he made his first Hollywood picture. It lasted just 13 minutes, had no sound and took no more than three days to shoot.

Nor was it a stunning debut. Indeed, in the completed film, in which 24-year-old Charles Chaplin played a seedy-looking toff, he seemed a little stiff and over-anxious.

His new boss, Mack Sennett, later described him as ‘a shy little Britisher who was abashed and confused by everything that had anything to do with motion pictures’.

Still, Sennett needed another actor for his Keystone Cops productions, and Chaplin had proved he could do vaudeville sketches in small theatres. So, although Sennett had trouble remembering his name, he thought the slight youth from Kennington, South London, might do. He was right. Within a year, by an instinct of genius, this barely educated boy from the London slums had created an icon that appealed to people around the globe. In his portrayal of a tramp — or ‘The Little Fellow’, as he called him — Chaplin seemed to epitomise the human condition itself: flawed, frail and funny.

As soon as he appeared on screen, audiences would erupt in cheers and hilarity. At local cinemas, according to one reporter, Chaplin’s antics ‘had the kids in hysterics. Really jumping with laughter.’

The new craze became known as ‘Chaplinitis’ or ‘Chaplinoia’. Not only had Chaplin become much larger than film — he was now the very emblem of popular culture.

Nothing could have seemed more unlikely when he was born into the shabby world of late 19th-century South London.

As for his own morals, they were few indeed - at least when it came to women, whom he treated appallingly.<br />One of the first to discover this was his co-star Edna Purviance, whom he met in 1915. The pair are pictured here in 1918 film The Bond

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As for his own morals, they were few indeed - at least when it came to women, whom he treated appallingly. One of the first to discover this was his co-star Edna Purviance, whom he met in 1915. The pair are pictured here in 1918 film The Bond

The predominant smells were those of vinegar, dog dung, smoke and beer, compounded by the stink of poverty. The houses and tenements were bursting with people, so women and children spent much of their time on the streets.

One of these children was Charlie — born in April 1889 to a part-Romany music-hall singer called Hannah Chaplin. She’d already had one son out of wedlock and, although she was married to a successful music-hall artist called Charles Chaplin, it’s unlikely that he was Charlie’s real father.

Whatever the truth, Chaplin senior gave the infant his name. But a year after the birth, he walked out — probably because he suspected Hannah of infidelity — leaving her and the boys to lead an impoverished existence.

Charlie later confessed that his mother had many subsequent affairs. It’s likely that, in times of extreme poverty, she also took to the streets. This was not unusual in working-class South London, where women drifted in and out of prostitution to save their families.

Edna was a 19-year-old blonde with a full figure and no experience of making films. This didn't bother Chaplin at all; he actually preferred to mould the 'clay' into the shape he most desired

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Edna was a 19-year-old blonde with a full figure and no experience of making films. This didn't bother Chaplin at all; he actually preferred to mould the 'clay' into the shape he most desired

As Charlie once said: ‘To gauge the morals of our family by commonplace standards would be as erroneous as putting a thermometer in boiling water.’

As for his own morals, they were few indeed — at least when it came to women, whom he treated appallingly.

One of the first to discover this was his co-star Edna Purviance, whom he met in 1915, when he was 25. He’d recently left Keystone studios — where films were completed in two or three days — for a studio which allowed him to spend three weeks on each one.

On the day after his arrival, he placed an advertisement in the San Francisco Chronicle that read ‘Wanted — the prettiest girl in California to take part in a moving picture’.

The lucky girl was Edna, a 19-year-old blonde with a full figure and no experience of making films. This didn’t bother Chaplin at all; he actually preferred to mould the ‘clay’ into the shape he most desired.

Soon enough, he and Edna were more than screen partners. She seems to have been as undemanding as she was unpretentious and dealt well with his anxiety and unpredictable moods. For a while, they even contemplated marriage, but hesitated on the brink.

Their personal relationship foundered a year later, chiefly because of his ferocious work ethic. Now directing and starring in his own films, he’d often rehearse each scene 50 times, film it a further 20 and then spend exhausting hours in the editing room.

In short, he was concentrating all his attention on his work and not on Edna, who moved on to another man. But she continued to be his leading actress for another seven years, starring in 34 films.

Chaplin soon forgot about her when he met 16-year-old child actress Mildred Harris at a party in 1918.

By then aged 29 and one of the richest actors in Hollywood, he was infatuated. He sent bouquets of roses to the hotel in which Mildred was staying, and lay in wait for her in his car outside the studio where she was working. Before long, they became lovers.

When Mildred informed him that she was pregnant, however, he panicked; the last thing he wanted, at the time, was domestic responsibility. But he was well aware that he needed to avoid a terrible scandal.

Chaplin met 16-year-old child actress Mildred Harris at a party in 1918. By then he was 29 and one of Hollywood's richest actors

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Chaplin met 16-year-old child actress Mildred Harris at a party in 1918. By then he was 29 and one of Hollywood's richest actors

A quiet wedding was arranged at the home of the local registrar, and he took Mildred home to a leased house, described by one of her friends as a ‘symphony in lavender and ivory, exquisite in every detail’.

Soon after they’d moved into this paradise, however, it became clear that Mildred wasn’t pregnant at all. She’d either misread her symptoms or tricked him into matrimony.

This suspicion could not have made married life any easier to bear — particularly as Chaplin knew that he wasn’t in love.

He gave Mildred her own chauffeur, servants and unlimited credit at the shops, but he was irritable and moody in her company and gave nothing of himself.

Soon, the new Mrs Chaplin was indeed carrying his child. It was  not a happy time for anyone concerned: at one stage, she was reported to have suffered a nervous breakdown and been hospitalised for three weeks.

Her situation wasn’t helped by Chaplin’s frequent affairs with other women. Mildred later complained that ‘Charlie married me and then he forgot all about me’. While Chaplin was working on a film called A Day’s Pleasure in July 1919, she gave birth to his son.

The child had malformed intestines and died three days later. Charlie was inconsolable for a day or two, but then moved out of the house and took up permanent residence at the Los Angeles Athletic Club.

In April 1920, Mildred Chaplin began divorce proceedings, citing ‘cruelty’. During the subsequent case, she painted a bleak picture of life with Charlie.

If she invited her own friends to the house, he simply wouldn’t come home. Nor would he ever tell her when he’d be back: ‘He said he had to be free to live his own life and do as he pleased.’

‘He was short-tempered, impatient and treated me like a cretin,’ she protested.
In an out-of-court settlement,  Mildred was granted $100,000 and a share of Chaplin’s property. For Chaplin, who was in many respects a withdrawn and secretive man, the case had been deeply wounding.

But in Hollywood women were plentiful, and almost too ready to be seduced by the most famous man in the world. And Chaplin was willing and eager to take up all offers.

Soon after leaving Mildred Harris, while working on The Pilgrim, Chaplin had an affair with Peggy Hopkins Joyce, who'd married five millionaires and had the word 'gold-digger' invented in her honour

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Soon after leaving Mildred Harris, while working on The Pilgrim, Chaplin had an affair with Peggy Hopkins Joyce, who'd married five millionaires and had the word 'gold-digger' invented in her honour

While working on The Pilgrim, he had an affair with Peggy Hopkins Joyce, who’d married five millionaires and had the word ‘gold-digger’ invented in her honour. On first meeting Chaplin, she apparently asked: ‘Charlie, is it true what all the girls say, that you’re hung like a horse?’

His next disastrous relationship was with a child — 15-year-old actress Lita Grey, whom he’d chosen as co-star for his great film The Gold Rush.

During filming in Sierra Nevada, Chaplin casually announced to Lita that ‘when the time and place are right, we’re going to make love’. He fulfilled his wish some weeks later in the steam-room of his home in Beverly Hills.

In the most famous sequence of the film, Charlie cooks a boot for himself and his companion as food in their hour of need, and then eats it as if he were dining at the Ritz. The boot was made of liquorice and so many ‘takes’ were filmed, with so many different boots, that he became violently ill for several days.

Just as he was completing these scenes, Lita Grey announced that she was pregnant. It was a re-run of what he’d gone through with Mildred.

Charlie Chaplin began a relationship with actress Lita Grey when she was just 15. He chose the actress as his co-star for The Gold Rush. While completing the film, Lita fell pregnant

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Charlie Chaplin began a relationship with actress Lita Grey when she was just 15. He chose the actress as his co-star for The Gold Rush. While completing the film, Lita fell pregnant

Chaplin suggested she have an abortion, a proposal which her Catholic mother indignantly rejected. He then suggested that a willing young man be chosen as her husband on payment of a dowry of $20,000. This, too, was turned down.

Aware that he could face charges of sex with a minor and 30 years’ imprisonment, he bowed to the inevitable. ‘I was stunned and ready for suicide that day when Lita told me that she didn’t love me and that we must marry,’ he said.

The ceremony was conducted in Mexico in the deepest secrecy, after which Chaplin left his bride to go fishing. He’d made it clear what he thought of her, calling her a ‘little whore’.

Actress Paulette Goddard began an affair with Chaplin at 17. She claimed that she was 22 at the time

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Actress Paulette Goddard began an affair with Chaplin at 17. She claimed that she was 22 at the time

On the train back to California, his wife went out to stand on the platform of the observation car. Joining her, he said: ‘This would be a good time to put an end to your misery — why don’t you jump?’

Despite his contempt for his wife, however, he was ‘a human sex machine’ she later revealed, who could make love six times a night without noticeable fatigue.

Chaplin pictured in 1936 Modern Times. His wife Lita Grey described him as 'a human sex machine' who could make love six times a night without noticeable fatigue

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Chaplin pictured in 1936 Modern Times. His wife Lita Grey described him as 'a human sex machine' who could make love six times a night without noticeable fatigue

His behaviour became more erratic after Lita announced she was pregnant again. He started taking up to eight showers a day, installed a listening device in her bedroom and patrolled the grounds of their house at night with his pistol.

At the end of the year, Lita filed for divorce in a statement that accused him of pulling a gun on her and trying to make her have an abortion. The more salacious passages claimed that throughout their married life, Chaplin had ‘solicited, urged and demanded’ that Lita gratify his ‘abnormal, unnatural, perverted and degenerate sexual desires’.

He’d told her that ‘all married  people do those kinds of things. Youare my wife and you have to do what I want you to do.’

Chaplin, who denied the charges, was devastated. According to his chauffeur, he tried to jump out of a New York hotel bedroom window.

Lita’s lawyers then threatened to reveal the names of the six actresses with whom Chaplin had slept after his marriage. As some were married themselves, this was unthinkable. In a hasty settlement, Lita was awarded $625,000, with a $200,000 trust fund for their sons — the largest divorce settlement in American history.

With his reputation badly damaged, Chaplin went back to work on his film The Circus. The studio hands remarked that his hair had turned completely white.

But far from learning that it was best not to tangle with teenage girls, he went on to have an affair with the gamine actress Paulette Goddard, who’d told him she was 17. It was just as well that she’d lied and was really 22.

She soon moved into his mansion, and he cast her as his leading lady in Modern Times, a satire on the machine age.

Goddard recalled that on the first day of shooting, she turned up in ‘the full glamour rig’ for her debut. ‘Charlie took one look at me, shook his head and said: “That’s not it. That’s definitely not it.”

'He told me to take off my shoes, change my suit and remove my make-up. Then he threw a bucket of water all over me.’

He went on to have an affair with the gamine actress Paulette Goddard, who'd told him she was 17. It was just as well that she'd lied and was really 22. She soon moved into his mansion and he cast her as the lead in Modern Times

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He went on to have an affair with the gamine actress Paulette Goddard, who'd told him she was 17. It was just as well that she'd lied and was really 22. She soon moved into his mansion and he cast her as the lead in Modern Times

The film, which opened in 1936, was a huge success. Afterwards, Chaplin took Paulette to the Far East for five months, where he claimed to have married her — though no evidence of a marriage has ever been found.

He cast her as a member of the Resistance in his next film, The Great Dictator, a satire on Nazi Germany, insisting she had to be on set at 8am every day so he could personally style her hair.

Once, in her presence, Chaplin told his oldest son that ‘your  stepmother worked very hard today and I had to tell her a few things about acting’. Paulette lay down on the sofa and cried.

Fed up with Chaplin’s attempts to control her, and his bullying on set, she left him soon after the premiere in October 1940.

Paulette Goddard left Chaplin soon after the premiere of The Great Dictator in October 1940 (the couple are pictured here at a gala for the film)

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Paulette Goddard left Chaplin soon after the premiere of The Great Dictator in October 1940 (the couple are pictured here at a gala for the film)

By then, Charlie was 51. He’d made a complete mess of his romantic life so far — and, for all his fame and fortune, there seemed little prospect of him ever finding true love. The roots of his deeply dysfunctional behaviour with women went all the way back to his childhood, for the truth was that he had never really recovered from being abandoned by his mother, when he was just a little boy, for the best part of a year.

As he said later: ‘My childhood ended at the age of seven.’

But as we shall see on Monday, it was the deprivation and squalor that he endured in those years of misery that would be the very foundation of his whole astonishing rise to fame — which saw him become the best-paid entertainer the world had ever known.

 

 

 

 

 

It was the Hollywood Hills hideaway of Charlie Chaplin 

 

The Maltese Falcon actress Mary Astor shared it with her famously controlling parents.

Now newlyweds Andy Samberg and Joanna Newsom have made the opulent 'Moorcrest' mansion their love nest, splashing out $6.25 million in a secret off-market deal in April.

The loved-up couple managed to snag the spectacular four-bedroom, six-bathroom home in Los Angeles' Beachwood Canyon well below the asking price.

The former Saturday Night Live comedian tied the knot with longtime girlfriend Newsom in a lavish Big Sur ceremony in September last year.

Extravagant purchase: Andy Samberg and his wife Joanna Newsom have purchased Moorcrest, the famous 1920s Moorish Gothic mansion in Los Angeles' Beachwood Canyon, for $6.25 million in an off-market deal

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Extravagant purchase: Andy Samberg and his wife Joanna Newsom have purchased Moorcrest, the famous 1920s Moorish Gothic mansion in Los Angeles' Beachwood Canyon, for $6.25 million in an off-market deal

Loving couple: Joanna Newsom and Andy Samberg, pictured at the Fox And FX's 2014 Golden Globe Awards Party in Beverly Hills in January, married in September 2013

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Loving couple: Joanna Newsom and Andy Samberg, pictured at the Fox And FX's 2014 Golden Globe Awards Party in Beverly Hills in January, married in September 2013

The 6,432-square-foot gated estate was designed by philosophical architect Marie Russak Hotchener and built in 1921, combining Moorish, Gothic and Art Nouveau architectural influences to striking effect.

With incredible views of the Hollywood sign, the residence has recently been restored to its elaborate glory with stained-glass windows, marble baseboards, hand-painted frescos and elaborate mosaic tiles.

The atrium's glassed dome ceiling floods the ivy-covered abode with sunlight, illuminating the painstakingly detailed patterns on the walls and ceilings. Outside, a curved swimming pool is surrounded by a man-made cave and stepping-stone path. Chaplin rented the magnificent Temple Hill Drive property in the early 1920s, while actress Astor bought the estate in 1925 and lived there with her obsessively controlling parents, Otto and Helen Langhanke, for nearly a decade before she married.

According to Zillow, the lavish property last sold in 1999 for $900,000. In 2007, it was listed for sale for $7.4 million but there were no takers and the listing was removed.

Zillow states the home was sold on April 4 this year, however LA Times reports the sale was finalized in late March.

Opulent: Moorcrest, built in the early 1920s, samples various architectural styles, including tastes of Moorish, Mission Revival, Gothic and even Art Nouveau design

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Opulent: Moorcrest, built in the early 1920s, samples various architectural styles, including tastes of Moorish, Mission Revival, Gothic and even Art Nouveau design

Incredible: The huge glass dome which can be seen in aerial shots of the mansion is the glass ceiling of the atrium

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Incredible: The huge glass dome which can be seen in aerial shots of the mansion is the glass ceiling of the atrium

Livable: Moorcrest has more than 6,400 square feet of living space including impeccably furnished living rooms

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Livable: Moorcrest has more than 6,400 square feet of living space including impeccably furnished living rooms

Stylish: Exotic features include leaded stained-glass windows, copper and marble baseboards, custom cabinetry, hand-painted frescos and elaborate mosaic tiles

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Stylish: Exotic features include leaded stained-glass windows, copper and marble baseboards, custom cabinetry, hand-painted frescos and elaborate mosaic tiles

Why would you sleep? Moorcrest, nestled in the Hollywood Hills, boasts four spacious bedrooms with high ceilings and lavish linens

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Why would you sleep? Moorcrest, nestled in the Hollywood Hills, boasts four spacious bedrooms with high ceilings and lavish linens

A cook's dream! The kitchen is fitted out with every cooking accessory and appliance available

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A cook's dream! The kitchen is fitted out with every cooking accessory and appliance available

Cultural touch: The Temple Hill Drive mansion has been restored with some of the fines marble and mosaic finishes and stained and leaded glass windows with Moorish themes

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Cultural touch: The Temple Hill Drive mansion has been restored with some of the fines marble and mosaic finishes and stained and leaded glass windows with Moorish themes

Party house: The mansion is an entertainer's dream with spacious rooms able to accommodate musical performances - perfect for new co-owner Joanna Newsom

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Party house: The mansion is an entertainer's dream with spacious rooms able to accommodate musical performances - perfect for new co-owner Joanna Newsom

Creature comforts: The living area features peaked arches in the Moorish style with high ceilings ans gorgeous view of the outdoor greenery

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Creature comforts: The living area features peaked arches in the Moorish style with high ceilings ans gorgeous view of the outdoor greenery

Spectacular view: The Hollywood Sign which overlooks Los Angeles can be seen from one of Moorcrest's windows

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Spectacular view: The Hollywood Sign which overlooks Los Angeles can be seen from one of Moorcrest's windows

Rest and relaxation: The incredible bathroom features a plunging spa bath which looks more like a swimming pool

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Rest and relaxation: The incredible bathroom features a plunging spa bath which looks more like a swimming pool

Fit for a king: Newsom and Samberg will be able to get ready in this giant dressing room complete with sinks, vanity lighting and walk-in robes

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Fit for a king: Newsom and Samberg will be able to get ready in this giant dressing room complete with sinks, vanity lighting and walk-in robes

Moorcrest

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Moorcrest

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Old school glamor: Samberg and Newsom purchased Moorcrest, with its Moorish architectural style and stained glass windows, in March

Trophy home: The mansion boasts a huge swimming pool which curves around the backyard

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Trophy home: The mansion boasts a huge swimming pool which curves around the backyard

Amazing outdoor area: The incredible backyward has a cabana and cave alongside the swimming pool

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Amazing outdoor area: The incredible backyward has a cabana and cave alongside the swimming pool

Aerial shot: Moorcrest, the Gothic mansion purchased by Andy Samberg and Joanna Newsom, is located in Beachwood Canyon in Los Angeles

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Aerial shot: Moorcrest, the Gothic mansion purchased by Andy Samberg and Joanna Newsom, is located in Beachwood Canyon in Los Angeles

 

General Lee’s Arlington House

 

 

 

 

   

lee

 

The columned home, originally built as a monument to George Washington between 1802 and 1818, will be restored to its historical appearance in 1860, before the start of the U.S. Civil War.

 

     

Rubenstein, Carlyle Group co-founder and history buff, said the site crowns the most sacred land in America but needed major repairs.

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Historical: The historic Arlington House at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia was originally built as a monument to George Washington overlooking the nation's capital and was later home to Confederate General Robert E. Lee

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Historical: The historic Arlington House at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia was originally built as a monument to George Washington overlooking the nation's capital and was later home to Confederate General Robert E. Lee

Donor: Philanthropist David Rubenstein (center), pictured with Park Ranger and project manager, Brandon Bies (right) is donating $12.3 million to restore Arlington House in Virginia

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Donor: Philanthropist David Rubenstein (center), pictured with Park Ranger and project manager, Brandon Bies (right) is donating $12.3 million to restore Arlington House in Virginia

The money he donated to National Park Foundation will also go toward fixing the grounds and slave quarters, and overhauling the site's museum exhibits.

'The goal is to remind people of American history,' Rubenstein said. 'I think when you're restoring history, you should remind people of the good and the bad.'

Arlington House, as it is known, was built by Washington's step grandson, George Washington Parke Custis and his slaves on a hilltop overlooking the new capital city and the Potomac River. Lee later married into the family, and it became his family's plantation estate.

After Lee resigned from the Union army and joined the Confederacy, Union troops captured the estate during the Civil War and made it their military headquarters to defend Washington from Virginia. Graffiti from Civil War soldiers is still visible in the mansion's attic.

After the war, the area became a community for emancipated slaves, and Union troops began burying their war dead on the grounds, in part to prevent Lee from returning.

It eventually became Arlington National Cemetery, the burial site for many soldiers as well as President John F. Kennedy. Casualties were first buried there in 1864, after the United States Soldier's Cemetery in Washington, D.C. and the Alexandria Cemetery in Alexandria, Virginia, were full.

Dilapidated: Some of the ceilings inside Arlington House leak the climate control system is so unstable some artwork can't be displayed

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Dilapidated: Some of the ceilings inside Arlington House leak the climate control system is so unstable some artwork can't be displayed

Tourist spot: More than 650,000 tourists visit Arlington House and walk through its rooms every year

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Tourist spot: More than 650,000 tourists visit Arlington House and walk through its rooms every year

Home to Gen. Robert E. Lee to be restored

Donation: Philanthropist David Rubenstein pictured inside the historic Arlington House at Arlington National Cemetery

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Donation: Philanthropist David Rubenstein pictured inside the historic Arlington House at Arlington National Cemetery

Overhaul: David Rubenstein's $12.3 million donation will also be used to overhaul the museum's exhibits and fix the interiors of Arlington House

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Overhaul: David Rubenstein's $12.3 million donation will also be used to overhaul the museum's exhibits and fix the interiors of Arlington House

The 200-year-old house and grounds symbolize the nation's reconciliation after the Civil War, said National Park Service Director Jonathan Jarvis, but it is in poor condition.

The roof leaks inside, and the climate control system is so unstable some artwork can't be displayed. Decorative paint on the building's facade is peeling away.

Exhibits in a nearby museum building haven't been updated in 30 years. The needs are part of an $11 billion backlog on maintenance across the national parks.

'We frankly do not get enough appropriations on an annual basis to take care of these places,' so private support is critical, Jarvis said.

Commander: Robert E. Lee (1807-1870), Commander-in-Chief of the Confederate armies during the Civil War, pictured in undated photo

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Commander: Robert E. Lee (1807-1870), Commander-in-Chief of the Confederate armies during the Civil War, pictured in undated photo

Still, the home is the most visited historic house in the national park system. It receives about 650,000 visitors each year, and between one and two million people visit the grounds, park officials said.

'As you can imagine, that's fantastic but it also leads to a certain level of wear and tear,' said Project Mangaer Brandon Bies.

Some restoration planning has already begun or will be designed starting later this year. Much of the work will be completed in late 2015 through 2016.

Plans call for scaffolding to be built around the brick-and-stucco house for artisan painters to restore the decorative design that looks like marble. Interior systems will be replaced. Slave quarters will be completely restored, along with the grounds.

Art and decorative features brought centuries ago from Washington's Mount Vernon estate and from Lee's West Point office will be conserved.

Even Lee's plumbing system that provided early flush toilets inside when such contraptions were extremely rare in the 19th century will be restored.

The work may require the house to close for a short time during periods of low visitation in the late fall and winter, but other parts of the site will remain open.

'It's an extraordinary site,' Rubenstein said, 'and I think all Americans will benefit from having it restored.'

Rubenstein's gift complements President Barack Obama's Centennial Initiative to invest in National Park Service sites as a way to mark the agency's 100th anniversary in 2016, according to the NPS.

Historical monument: The historic Arlington House mansion (top) is on the grounds of the Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Virginia

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Historical monument: The historic Arlington House mansion (top) is on the grounds of the Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Virginia

SACRED LAND: THE INCREDIBLE HISTORY OF ARLINGTON HOUSE

1. It was built as a monument to honor President George Washington, modeled after the Temple of Hephaestus in Athens, Greece, by his step grandson George Washington Parke Custis and his slaves.

2. Robert E. Lee married into the Custis family, and Arlington House became his family estate from 1831 to 1861. This was where Lee wrote his resignation from the U.S. Army to join the Confederacy.

3. Selina Gray, a slave, was left in charge to care for Arlington House and its heirlooms from the Washington family when the Lee family evacuated. When Union soldiers took over the site, Gray confronted soldiers over stolen objects and convinced a commander to safeguard the house and family treasures.

4. The home's builder was also an artist. His 200-year-old frescos have been preserved on the walls, and he painted a large mural of George Washington at the Battle of Monmouth that remains in the house.

5. President John F. Kennedy made an unannounced visit to Arlington House in March 1963 and marveled at the hilltop view overlooking the nation's capital. That visit led to Jacqueline Kennedy's decision to have her husband buried below the house with a similar view from Arlington National Cemetery, despite family wishes to have him buried in Massachusetts.

 

 

 

Confederate General Robert E. Lee poses in a late April 1865 portrait taken by Mathew Brady in Richmond, Virginia. By the end of the war, Lee had been appointed as general-in-chief of all Confederate forces, having led numerous armies into battle against Union forces during the conflict. It was Lee's surrender to General Ulysses Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865 that signaled the end of the war.

People visit the eternal flame at the grave site of former President John F. Kennedy burns at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Virginia, on October 29, 2013. (AP Photo/Susan Walsh)

BORDER STAMPEDE: BEYOND THE HEADLINES

 

 

 

 

 

 

INVASION AT THE BORDER

The border between the United States and Mexico stretches 3,169 kilometers (1,969 miles), crossing deserts, rivers, towns, and cities from the Pacific to the Gulf of Mexico. Every year, an estimated 350 million people legally cross the border, with another 500,000 entering into the United States illegally. No single barrier stretches across the entire border, instead, it is lined with a patchwork of steel and concrete fences, infrared cameras, sensors, drones, and nearly 20,000 U.S. Border Patrol agents.

 


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The USG has never enforced its southern border and recently there has been a very large breach of thousands of illegal immigrants crossing it.

Those who control the Controlled Major Mass Media (CMMM) will not allow you know the actual reasons for this recent very large border breach.

You will never be able to read the actual reasons this has occurred with thousands of children and adolescents from Mexico and Central America coming into America illegally, many without parents.

But you can be completely certain that a porous southern border is exactly what the USG and those in the background who run it actually want now and have wanted for many years.

You can also be completely certain that if the USG was really serious about its claimed War on Terror, it would have already established and enforced a real policy of completely sealing all its borders, using the US Military if necessary. And if the USG was really serious, no CIA drug shipments or Coyote traffickers of illegals would be allowed either.

The simple fact is this, the USG does not want a sealed Southern Border.

This means that without question, the USG is not serious about its claims that it is now engaged in a real War on Terror and has been since 9/11/01. It also means that by implication any Terror that has occurred in America has been done by the USG and Israel who has infiltrated and hijacked it through its espionage fronts like AIPAC, B’nai B’rith, and the like. Otherwise those responsible would have already been brought to justice.

 

You can also be completely certain the the real Powers That Be who control the USG want the current border porous and immigration laws unenforced. This is in direct and stark contrast to any other nation in the world, including Mexico where those who cross into Mexico illegally and are caught do hard time in jail.

The USG does not want to shut of the CIA sponsored illegal drug pipeline from the Mexican Cartels because they are covertly in business with them.

Yes, we know for certain that the USG wants a porous border to keep the CIA sponsored, drug pipelines of the Mexican Cartels intact.  This is necessary to keep the CIA black budget fat with drug profits and the Wall Street Banks fat laundering massive amounts of drug money.

The Powers that Be (PTB) will not let any USG Official enforce the Rule of Law regarding Illegal CIA Drug Trafficking or regarding the Southern Border.

The Powers that Be (PTB) who actually run the USG will not allow any USG Official, elected politician, or Alphabet or LE Officer to enforce the Rule of Law and prosecute the CIA drug Traffickers, any protected Banks who launder the drug money, or any state and local officials who share in the 10% Baksheesh paid off the top.

Dianne-Feinstein-640Take the time that Senator Dianne Finestein was provided rock solid information from a credible informant that the Bush Crime Cabal’s (BCC’s) Zapata Trucking was using its LP gas trucks to transport massive amounts of illegal drugs into California from Mexico.

Senator Finestein went to the border and this was directly observed by her and recorded on video later aired on 60 Minutes. Even though she made very tough statements expressing a seemingly strong commitment to see that this illegal trafficking was stopped cold, she quickly backed off and the investigation was halted like all others before.

You can assume that the Powers That Be (PTB) got to her and made some kind of deal. Was she threatened, blackmailed or just bought off? One can only guess because we don’t know the specifics of why she backed off like so many other Senators, Congresspersons and USG Officials who started to investigate but suddenly quit.

As immigrants from Mexico and other Central and South American countries continue to try to find their way into the U.S., Congress is now considering an immigration reform bill called the Border Security, Economic Opportunity and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013. The bill proposes solutions to current border enforcement problems and paths to citizenship for the estimated 11 million existing illegal immigrants in the U.S. Gathered here are images of the US-Mexico border from the past few years.

A section of the controversial US-Mexico border fence expansion project crosses previously pristine desert sands at sunrise on March 14, 2009, between Yuma, Arizona and Calexico, California. The barrier stands 15 feet tall and sits on top of the sand so it can lifted by a machine and repositioned whenever the migrating desert dunes begin to bury it. The almost seven miles of floating fence cost about $6 million per mile to build.(David McNew/Getty Images)

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The US-Mexico border fence with Tijuana, Mexico, on the left, the Pacific Ocean in the background. Photographed on February 17, 2012.(U.S. Customs and Border Protection/Josh Denmark) #

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People hang out on the beach next to the border fence separating Mexico from the U.S. in Tijuana, Mexico, on September 22, 2012.(AP Photo/Dario Lopez-Mills) #

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A deported migrant climbs the US-Mexico border fence as he prepares for the 6th annual Marcha Migrante, or Migrant March, in Tijuana, on February 2, 2011. The Tijuana to Mexicali pilgrimage was organized by the group Border Angels to raise awareness on immigration issues. (AP Photo/Guillermo Arias) #

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U.S. Border Patrol agent Manny Villalobos (center) patrols with other agents along the international border between Mexico and the United States near San Diego, California, on March 26, 2013. (Reuters/Mike Blake) #

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The US-Mexico border, Mexico on the right and the US on the left, near San Ysidro, California, on February 17, 2012.(U.S. Customs and Border Protection/Josh Denmark) #

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Soldiers prepare to enter a tunnel during a presentation to the media in Tijuana, on November 16, 2011. Police discovered a "major cross-border drug tunnel" running to California from Mexico, and seized 14 tons of marijuana, authorities said. The tunnel linked warehouses in an industrial park south of San Diego and the Mexican border city of Tijuana. (Reuters/Jorge Duenes) #

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Electrical breakers inside a cross-border tunnel located underneath a water purifying plant in Tecate, on December 6, 2012. The tunnel, which was still under construction, was found due to an anonymous tip. It has no exit to the U.S. but a ventilation system, electricity and a water pump. Seven people who were found working on the tunnel when it was discovered were arrested by the authorities, reported local media. (Reuters/Jorge Duenes) #

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Immigrants hide from a border patrol vehicle while waiting for a chance to cross into the United States at the border fence on the outskirts of the Tijuana, on September 19, 2009. (Reuters/Jorge Duenes) #

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A Predator drone operated by U.S. Office of Air and Marine (OAM), taxis towards the tarmac for a surveillance flight near the Mexican border, on March 7, 2013 from Fort Huachuca in Sierra Vista, Arizona. The OAM, which is part of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, flies the unmanned - and unarmed - MQ-9 Predator B aircraft an average of 12 hours per day at around 19,000 feet. The drones, piloted from the ground, search for drug smugglers and immigrants crossing illegally from Mexico into the United States.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Clouds of dust kicked up by border patrol vehicles hang in the air along the US-Mexico border fence as agents carry out special operations on July 30, 2009 near the rural town of Campo, some 60 miles east of San Diego. (David McNew/Getty Images) #

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Mauricia Horta Fuentes, 36, stands for a portrait along the fence marking the US-Mexico border in Tijuana, Mexico, on June 23, 2012. Fuentes, who lived and worked in the United States for years, drove up to a roadblock in Escondido, California, in September, 2008, on her way to pick up kids from school. Since then she has been cut off from her children, and has been forced to create a new life in her old country. (AP Photo/Gregory Bull) #

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The US-Mexico border fence stretches into the countryside near Nogales, Arizona, on March 8, 2013. U.S. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Google maps Street View, in Mexicali, Mexico looking north, toward a field in Calexico, California. (© Google, Inc.) #

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In this image released by the Mexicali Public Safety Department, a man holds up an improvised cannon that was confiscated earlier in the day, February 26, 2013. Police in the border city say the cannon was used to hurl packets of marijuana across a border fence into California. (AP Photo/Mexicali Public Safety Department) #

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Monument 245, viewed from the Mexico side of the border, in Tecate, by a Google Street View van. There are 276 such monuments lining the border, almost all built in the 1890s. (© Google, Inc.)#

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U.S. Border Patrol agent Sal De Leon stands near a section of the US- Mexico border fence while on patrol on April 10, 2013 in La Joya, Texas. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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An undocumented immigrant is detained by the U.S. Border Patrol near the US-Mexico border on April 11, 2013 near Mission, Texas. A group of 16 immigrants from Mexico and El Salvador said they crossed the Rio Grande River from Mexico into Texas during the morning hours before they were caught. The Rio Grande Valley sector of has seen more than a 50 percent increase in illegal immigrant crossings from last year, according to the Border Patrol. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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U.S. Border Patrol ranch liaison John "Cody" Jackson (right) rides with cattle rancher Dan Bell on Bell's ZZ Cattle Ranch at the US-Mexico border, on March 8, 2013 in Nogales, Arizona. Jackson meets regularly with local ranchers to coordinate the agency's efforts on border issues, including drug smuggling and illegal immigration from Mexico. Bell, a third generation rancher, grazes cattle on nearly ten miles of border property. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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In this photo provided by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, a silver Jeep Cherokee that suspected smugglers were attempting to drive over the U.S.-Mexico border fence is stuck at the top of a makeshift ramp, on October 31, 2012 near Yuma, Arizona. U.S. Border Patrol agents from the Yuma Station seized both the ramps and the vehicle, which stalled at the top of the ramp after it became high centered. The fence is approximately 14 feet high where the would-be smugglers attempted to drive across the border. The two suspects fled into Mexico when the agents arrived at the scene. (AP Photo/U.S. Customs and Border Protection) #

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Property owner Bill Odle carries a gun and pocket knife as he discusses his perspective on Border Patrol near his home adjacent to the Arizona-Mexico border near Naco, Arizona, on March 29, 2013. Despite additional fencing and agents, Odle says their Border Patrol's presence on the line is only intermittent. (Reuters/Samantha Sais) #

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Google Street View of Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona, seen from just over the border, in the northern Mexican state of Sonora. (© Google, Inc.) #

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Residents of Naco, Arizona join residents of Naco, Mexico for a volleyball match during the fourth "Fiesta Bi-Nacional" at the fence that separates the U.S. (left) and Mexico (right), on April 14, 2007. (Reuters/Jeff Topping) #

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In numerous places, fences and roads marking the US-Mexico border simply end, only to start again miles away. This aerial view of such a road ends on a hillside on the border in southeast Arizona. (© Google, Inc.) #

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Flor Gonzales, 19, from Chiapas, Mexico spends a night at the San Juan Bosco shelter for undocumented immigrants on March 9, 2013 in Nogales, Mexico. She said she was caught by the U.S. Border Patrol while trying for the first time to cross with a group into Arizona and was deported. The Juan Bosco shelter, located in Nogales, Mexico close to the U.S. border, allows immigrants to stay for up to three nights, either after they have been deported from the U.S. or before they attempt to cross the border into Arizona.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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The border wall, illuminated at night in Nogales, Arizona, on July 6, 2012. (Sandy Huffaker/Getty Images) #

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U.S. border cops in western Arizona seized this off-road go-kart and trailer packed with marijuana, in an attempt by Mexican smugglers to beat beefed up border security. The Border Patrol's Yuma sector said agents and officers from the Cocopah Tribal Police Department spotted the single-seater go-kart hauling a trailer through the desert near Yuma, Arizona, and gave chase. The driver abandoned the homemade vehicle, which was spray painted a desert beige, fitted with knobbly off-road tires, and towing a trailer packed with 217 pounds of marijuana, about 100 yards from the border, and fled back to Mexico. (Reuters/U.S. Customs and Border Protection) #

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Two men illegally cross the border fence separating Nogales, Arizona, and Nogales, Sonora, Mexico, on July 28, 2010.(AP Photo/Jae C. Hong) #

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David Walker, a Southern Arizona rancher, stands at the border wall with Mexico on August 15, 2010 in Hereford, Arizona, Walker was attending the United Border Coalition Tea Party Rally in support of Arizona's immigration law, SB1070 with conservative tea party activists along a remote stretch of the Arizona-Mexico border about 70 miles (113 km) west of Nogales. (AP Photo/Matt York) #

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The United States/Mexico border fence, in Nogales, Arizona, on November 10, 2010. A town of about 20,000 people, it lies just north of the city of Nogales, Mexico, which has a population estimated at nearly ten times that number. (Reuters/Eric Thayer) #

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Aerial view of a desert area south of Yuma, Arizona (left), and, across the border fence, the streets of San Luis Rio Colorado, Sonora, Mexico. (© Google, Inc.) #

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The zig-zag Amistad Reservoir, part of the Rio Grande, acts as the international border between Mexico (bottom), and The U.S. (top).(© Google, Inc.) #

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In Union Hidalgo, southern Mexico, migrants ride on top of a northbound train, heading toward the US-Mexico border, on April 29, 2013. Migrants crossing Mexico to get to the U.S. have increasingly become targets of criminal gangs who kidnap them to obtain ransom money.(AP Photo/Eduardo Verdugo) #

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Suspected drug smugglers flee across the Rio Grande River into Mexico on April 11, 2013 in Mission, Texas. Their marijuana smuggling atttempt was broken up by U.S. Border Patrol agents with helicopter support from the Office of Air and Marine.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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An aerial view of the Santa Fe bridge that links the Mexican city of Ciudad Juarez, bottom, with the U.S. city of El Paso, Texas, on February 16, 2010. (AP Photo/Alexandre Meneghini) #

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A woman, who declined to give her name, is hugged by her husband as they chat between the border fence separating Nogales, Arizona, and Nogales, Mexico, on July 28, 2010. (AP Photo/Jae C. Hong) #

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A U.S. Border Patrol agent searches in dense brush for undocumented immigrants who had crossed from Mexico into the United States on April 11, 2013 in Penitas, Texas. In the last month the Border Patrol's Rio Grande Valley sector has seen a spike in the number of immigrants crossing the river from Mexico into Texas. With more apprehensions, they have struggled to deal with overcrowding while undocumented immigrants are processed for deportation. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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A pickup load of marijuana sits after being seized near the US-Mexico Border on April 11, 2013 in Mission, Texas. U.S. Border Patrol agents broke up a marijuana smuggling shipment from Mexico into Texas. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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A suspected drug trafficker stands, caught in the weeds on the bank of the Rio Grande River at the US-Mexico Border, on April 11, 2013 in Mission, Texas. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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A U.S. border patrol vehicle, seen from the Mexican side of the border in a long-exposure photograph, while driving near Otay Mountain on the outskirts of San Diego, California, on July 1, 2010. (Reuters/Jorge Duenes)

Photographer Eric Thayer traveled to Brooks County, Texas and Reynosa, Mexico to investigate the rising rates of immigrant deaths along the border there, spending time at a migrant’s hostel in Mexico and with U.S. Border Patrol in Brooks County. In 2012, sheriff’s deputies in Brooks County found 129 bodies, around double the amount from the year before and six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants, after spending several weeks traveling through Mexico and past the Rio Grande, spend a few days in a “stash house”, such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead.

A Deadly Border

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People are taken into custody by the U.S. Border Patrol near Falfurrias, Texas March 29, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012 sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 29, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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People are taken into custody by the U.S. Border Patrol near Falfurrias, Texas March 29, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 29, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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The border fence is seen in Mission, Texas March 28, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 28, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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The border fence is seen in Hidalgo, Texas March 28, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 28, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A sign is seen on the gate of a ranch in Falfurrias, Texas April 2, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 2, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A group of illegal immigrants, who handed themselves in to U.S. Border Patrol, sit in a restaurant in Encino, Texas March 29, 2013. Members of the group said their guide left them in the desert and never returned. After being lost for days and running out of food and water they handed themselves in. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 29, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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U.S. Border Patrol agent Daniel Tirado from the Rio Grande Valley Sector looks out at the Rio Grande river in Hidalgo, Texas March 28, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 28, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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The unidentified grave of a person whose remains were found in the desert is seen in Falfurrias, Texas April 1, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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The unidentified graves of people whose remains were found in the desert are seen in Falfurrias, Texas April 1, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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The Los Ebanos Ferry Crossing checkpoint is seen along the Rio Grande river in Los Ebanos, Texas March 28, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 28, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A U.S. Border Patrol agent from the Rio Grande Valley Sector searches for a group of illegal immigrants who crossed the Rio Grande River in Mission, Texas March 28, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 28, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A boy runs on the shore at the boundary between the United States and Mexico, where the Rio Grande river meets the Gulf of Mexico in Brownsville, Texas March 31, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 31, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A U.S. Border Patrol agent looks out at the desert near Falfurrias, Texas March 29, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 29, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A sign is seen at the Falfurrias U.S. Border Patrol checkpoint near Falfurrias, Texas March 29, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 29, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A U.S. Border Patrol agent walks past a rescue beacon near Falfurrias, Texas March 29, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 29, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A U.S. Border Patrol agent checks cars at the Falfurrias checkpoint, near Falfurrias, Texas March 29, 2013. Located about 70 miles (113 km) north of the border, 5,000-7,000 cars pass through the checkpoint on a normal day, and 12,000 on holidays. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 29, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A car filled with bales of marijuana is seen at a police station in La Grulla, Texas March 28, 2013. When police tried to pull the car over, the driver led officers on a high speed pursuit, driving the car into the Rio Grande river. The driver abandoned the vehicle and fled back across the river and into Mexico. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Border Patrol agents and local and state law enforcement are inundated with not only an increase in the numbers of illegal immigrants, but drug smugglers as well. Picture taken March 28, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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Rancher Gabriel Cantu poses for a photograph on his property near Falfurrias, Texas April 2, 2013. Cantu said that he has noticed an increase in the number of people crossing his property recently. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 2, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A street sign is seen in the Southmost neighborhood in Brownsville, Texas March 30, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken March 30, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

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A man talks on a pay phone at Casa del Migrante in Reynosa April 1, 2013. Casa del Migrante provides housing, food, clothing and medical care to people who are planning to cross the border, and to those who have been deported from the United States. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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People sit on a couch at Casa del Migrante in Reynosa April 1, 2013. Casa del Migrante provides housing, food, clothing and medical care to people who are planning to cross the border, and to those who have been deported from the United States. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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Beds are seen in a sleeping area at Casa del Migrante in Reynosa April 1, 2013. Casa del Migrante provides housing, food, clothing and medical care to people who are planning to cross the border, and to those who have been deported from the United States. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A man washes his clothes at Casa del Migrante in Reynosa April 1, 2013. Casa del Migrante provides housing, food, clothing and medical care to people who are planning to cross the border, and to those who have been deported from the United States. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A man is reflected in a mirror at Casa del Migrante in Reynosa, Mexico April 1, 2013. Casa del Migrante provides housing, food, clothing and medical care to people who are planning to cross the border, and to those who have been deported from the United States. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A man stands in a sleeping area at Casa del Migrante in Reynosa April 1, 2013. Casa del Migrante provides housing, food, clothing and medical care to people who are planning to cross the border, and to those who have been deported from the United States. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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Shoes dry at Casa del Migrante in Reynosa April 1, 2013. Casa del Migrante provides housing, food, clothing and medical care to people who are planning to cross the border, and to those who have been deported from the United States. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A man receives a haircut at Casa del Migrante in Reynosa April 1, 2013. Casa del Migrante provides housing, food, clothing and medical care to people who are planning to cross the border, and to those who have been deported from the United States. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A man sews his jeans at Casa del Migrante in Reynosa April 1, 2013. Casa del Migrante provides housing, food, clothing and medical care to people who are planning to cross the border, and to those who have been deported from the United States. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A man sits on a couch at Casa del Migrante in Reynosa April 1, 2013. Casa del Migrante provides housing, food, clothing and medical care to people who are planning to cross the border, and to those who have been deported from the United States. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 1, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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A memorial is seen in the desert near Falfurrias, Texas April 2, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead. Picture taken April 2, 2013. REUTERS/Eric Thayer #

A Deadly Border

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U.S. Border Patrol agents search for a group of 50 illegal immigrants, following a report from a rancher, near Falfurrias, Texas March 29, 2013. Brooks County has become an epicentre for illegal immigrant deaths in Texas. In 2012, sheriff's deputies found 129 bodies there, six times the number recorded in 2010. Most of those who died succumbed to the punishing heat and rough terrain that comprise the ranch lands of south Texas. Many migrants spend a few days in a "stash house", such as the Casa del Migrante, in Reynosa, Mexico, and many are ignorant of the treacherous journey ahead.

This is the moment a makeshift encampment, set up by immigrants desperate for a new life in the US, is dramatically raided by border police.

Sleeping on pieces of cardboard, more than 80 immigrants were hiding in camouflaged tents and huts in a suburban part of Texas near its border with Mexico.

Surviving on little food and water for at least a week, the men had found an undeveloped patch of scrub near an abandoned tennis club at McAllen.

But their bid to enter the country came to an end when Border Patrol officers swooped. A short time later, Border Patrol arrested 132 immigrants found in two buildings on a property in Alton, about eight miles west of McAllen.

Guides are believed to lead the immigrants across the Rio Grande in smaller groups and then mass them in so-called stash houses on the Texas side of the border until their transportation can be arranged for the next leg of their journey.

One of those arrested, Alfredo Espinoza Rivera, said he had left El Salvador about six weeks earlier, paying $7,000 to a smuggler. The 37-year-old said he was trying to reach his father, a U.S. citizen, in Los Angeles.

The Border Patrol made more than 154,000 arrests on the section of the US-Mexico border in southernTexas last year, more than anywhere else on the Southwest border. The majority of the immigrants come from Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala.

Immigrants suspected of being in the country illegally sit in a group after US Border Patrol agents detained at least 80 people who had been living in a makeshift encampment in suburban McAllen, Texas. A patrol officer stands guard while those arrested are asked to sit on the ground

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Immigrants suspected of being in the country illegally sit in a group after US Border Patrol agents detained at least 80 people who had been living in a makeshift encampment in suburban McAllen, Texas. A patrol officer stands guard while those arrested are asked to sit on the ground

With their hands resting on the shoulders of the person in front, immigrants suspected of being in the US illegally are transported to a bus on Thursday. Moments earlier, their makeshift camp, hidden in a patch of suburban scrubland in McAllen, texas, had been raided by border patrol officers

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With their hands resting on the shoulders of the person in front, immigrants suspected of being in the US illegally are transported to a bus on Thursday. Moments earlier, their makeshift camp, hidden in a patch of suburban scrubland in McAllen, texas, had been raided by border patrol officers

An immigrant suspected of being in the country illegally emerges from the hidden encampment in Texas and is escorted away. Authorities said there had been a camp at the site in McAllen for at least a week with little food or water

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An immigrant suspected of being in the country illegally emerges from the hidden encampment in Texas and is escorted away. Authorities said there had been a camp at the site in McAllen for at least a week with little food or water

With their hands clasped together behind their heads, a row of immigrants are marched out of their camp, watched by two Border Patrol officers. Some of the men said they survived on little food or water for a week, staying in huts and tents hidden by trees and cacti

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With their hands clasped together behind their heads, a row of immigrants are marched out of their camp, watched by two Border Patrol officers. Some of the men said they survived on little food or water for a week, staying in huts and tents hidden by trees and cacti

With bags and clothes left abandoned on the ground, this is the site of the makeshift encampment set up by dozens of immigrants in McAllen, Texas. Cardboard was used to sleep on while in some cases, shelter came from the branches of trees

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With bags and clothes left abandoned on the ground, this is the site of the makeshift encampment set up by dozens of immigrants in McAllen, Texas. Cardboard was used to sleep on while in some cases, shelter came from the branches of trees

A young man, with a glum look on his face, is handcuffed by a Border Patrol officer as he is shown where to go next. He was arrested on suspected of entering the US illegally along with scores of others along the Texas border

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A young man, with a glum look on his face, is handcuffed by a Border Patrol officer as he is shown where to go next. He was arrested on suspected of entering the US illegally along with scores of others along the Texas border

Sitting on the ground after being arrested, some of the many immigrants found camping along the Texas border are guarded by green-uniformed Border Patrol officers. In total more than 200 immigrants were arrested on Thursday

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Sitting on the ground after being arrested, some of the many immigrants found camping along the Texas border are guarded by green-uniformed Border Patrol officers. In total more than 200 immigrants were arrested on Thursday

Everado Sanchez from Honduras, pictured, an immigrant suspected of being in the US illegally, waits with others arrested on the Texas border. Agents spent about three hours rounding up the immigrants during the raid

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Everado Sanchez from Honduras, pictured, an immigrant suspected of being in the US illegally, waits with others arrested on the Texas border. Agents spent about three hours rounding up the immigrants during the raid

Looking down towards the ground and clasping the shoulders of the person in front of them, lines of male and female immigrants suspected of being in the US illegally are led away from their makeshift camp

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Looking down towards the ground and clasping the shoulders of the person in front of them, lines of male and female immigrants suspected of being in the US illegally are led away from their makeshift camp

Most of the 200 immigrants arrested during the raids on Thursday are believed to be from Central America including Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala. In this picture, men ranging in age group, sit together in the long grass near the camp they chad called home for a week. One man said he had been surviving on 'one burrito a day'

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Most of the 200 immigrants arrested during the raids on Thursday are believed to be from Central America including Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala. In this picture, men ranging in age group, sit together in the long grass near the camp they chad called home for a week. One man said he had been surviving on 'one burrito a day'

With a Cross around his neck, the young man pictured left in a dark hooded top, leads a line of fellow detainees. A Border Patrol agent stands guard while scores of people arrested during their raid are led away

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With a Cross around his neck, the young man pictured left in a dark hooded top, leads a line of fellow detainees. A Border Patrol agent stands guard while scores of people arrested during their raid are led away

Through the long grass growing at the scrub land they were using for accommodation, these men and women are are just some of the many people arrested each year trying to gain a new life in the US. Last year 154,000 arrests were made on the section of the US-Mexico border in southern Texas, more than anywhere else on the Southwest border

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Through the long grass growing at the scrub land they were using for accommodation, these men and women are are just some of the many people arrested each year trying to gain a new life in the US. Last year 154,000 arrests were made on the section of the US-Mexico border in southern Texas, more than anywhere else on the Southwest border

Guides typically lead the immigrants across the Rio Grande in smaller groups and then mass them in so-called stash houses on the Texas side of the border until their transportation can be arranged for the next leg of their journey

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Guides typically lead the immigrants across the Rio Grande in smaller groups and then mass them in so-called stash houses on the Texas side of the border until their transportation can be arranged for the next leg of their journey

A young man is led away by border patrol following the raid. Another man, Alfredo Espinoza Rivera, who was arrested at the camp, said he had left El Salvador about six weeks earlier, paying $7,000 to a smuggler. The 37-year-old said he was trying to reach his father, a US citizen, in Los Angeles. 'I'm scared to go back to my country,' he said. "There's a lot of crime and it's hard to live there."

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A young man is led away by border patrol following the raid. Another man, Alfredo Espinoza Rivera, who was arrested at the camp, said he had left El Salvador about six weeks earlier, paying $7,000 to a smuggler. The 37-year-old said he was trying to reach his father, a US citizen, in Los Angeles. 'I'm scared to go back to my country,' he said. "There's a lot of crime and it's hard to live there."

An Immigrant's Journey

Getty Images photographer John Moore has spent years covering stories about immigration between Mexico and the United States -- border enforcement, drug smuggling, undocumented workers, and more. Earlier this year, he traveled south to the Mexico-Guatemala border, where Central American immigrants cross the Suchiate River, beginning their long and perilous journey north through Mexico. He traveled with some of the thousands of immigrants who ride atop freight trains, known as "la bestia," or the Beast, toward the U.S. border. Riders on the Beast risk a great deal -- robbery and assault by gangs who control the train tops, or the loss of life or limb in a fall. Only a fraction of the immigrants who start the journey in Central America will traverse Mexico completely unscathed -- and all this before illegally entering the United States and facing the considerable U.S. border security apparatus designed to track, detain, and deport them. Moore has captured images not only of their difficult journey, but of the faces of these travelers, telling their stories through compelling portraits taken in shelters and jails along the way.

People cross into Mexico, rafting across the Suchiate River from Guatemala, on August 2, 2013 in Ciudad Hidalgo, Chiapas, Mexico. Thousands of undocumented Central Americans pass illegally through Mexico, many of them immigrants on the first leg of their long and perilous journey north to the United States. (John Moore/Getty Images)

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The mountains of Guatemala, viewed from the Mexican side of the border on August 1, 2013 in Talisman, Mexico.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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A group of undocumented Guatemalans is ferried across the Suchiate River into Mexico on August 1, 2013 in Talisman, Mexico. They pass directly under a bridge with a Mexican immigration checkpoint. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Undocumented people disembark after crossing into Mexico from Guatemala at the Suchiate River on August 1, 2013 in Talisman, Mexico.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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An indigenous family walks from Guatemala into Talisman, Mexico, after illegally crossing the border at the Suchiate River, on August 1, 2013.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Lightning flashes across the sky as a freight train known as "la bestia," or the beast, prepares to depart Arriaga, Mexico, on August 3, 2013. Thousands of migrants ride atop the trains during their journey through Mexico to the U.S. border. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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A Nicaraguan immigrant wears a plastic bag during a thunderstorm before climbing atop a freight train headed north in Arriaga, early on August 4, 2013. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Central American migrants climb atop a freight train headed north early on August 4, 2013 in Arriaga. Many of the immigrants making this journey are robbed or assaulted by gangs who control the train tops, while others fall asleep and tumble down, losing limbs or perishing under the wheels of the trains. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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A train crew loads sand into an engine to sprinkle on rain-slick tracks while headed north from Arriaga, on August 4, 2013.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Lightning flashes as Central American migrants stand atop a freight train headed north from in Arriaga, on August 4, 2013.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Undocumented Guatemalan immigrant Elvira Lopez, 22, stands on crutches at the Jesus el Buen Pastor shelter in Tapachula, Mexico, on July 31, 2013. She has been convalescing at the shelter for six months after falling under the wheels of a freight train and losing her right leg while en route to the United States. The shelter, which relies entirely on private donations, has helped countless immigrants recover from their wounds while helping arrange for prosthetics. Lopez said she fell asleep 5 days into her journey from Guatemala and was knocked off the train by a tree branch. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Guatemalan immigrant Jorge Enrique, 33, spends an evening at the Hermanos en el Camino immigrant shelter on August 5, 2013 in Ixtepec, Mexico. He said he planned to ride a freight train later that night to continue his journey north to eventually cross into the United States on his way to Tampa, where he had previously worked as a house painter. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Salvadorian immigrant Consuelo Miscuita, 42, and her daughter Wendy, 15, spend another night at the Hermanos en el Camino immigrant shelter on August 5, 2013 in Ixtepec, Mexico. Consuelo said before arriving to the shelter they were robbed of all their money by Mexican federal police. They have been staying at the Hermanos shelter for four months while awaiting Mexican immigration documents to allow them to safely travel to the U.S. border by bus. Once there, they plan to meet up with Wendy's father, who is currently working in the northern state of Sonora, and then try to illegally cross together into the United States. The women are trying to avoid riding the freight trains, known as "la bestia," or the beast, as thousands of other Central Americans do on their perilous journey north through Mexico. Some of the immigrants are robbed, assaulted or, especially in the case of women, raped by gangs who control the train tops. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Honduran immigrant Jorge Vargas Aguilar, 18, spends a day at the Hermanos en el Camino immigrant shelter in Ixtepec, on August 5, 2013. He said he planned to ride a freight train north later that night to continue his journey to the U.S. border and eventually to San Francisco to find whatever work he can. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Honduran transgender immigrant Daniela, 20, at the Hermanos en el Camino immigrant shelter in Ixtepec, on August 5, 2013. She has been staying at the shelter for more than a month while Mexican immigration authorities process documents to allow her to travel to the U.S. border via bus, a much safer alternative than riding the freight trains north. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Honduran immigrant Melvin, 16, in the Hermanos en el Camino immigrant shelter in Ixtepec, on August 5, 2013. He said he planned to ride a freight train north later that night to continue his journey to the U.S. border and eventually to San Francisco to find whatever work he can.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Honduran immigrant Ruben, 43, spends a day at the Hermanos en el Camino immigrant shelter on August 5, 2013 in Ixtepec, Mexico. He had previously worked in Orlando, Florida as a construction worker. He said that when he had saved enough money five years ago, he returned voluntarily to Honduras and was assaulted and robbed of all his savings, also suffering a serious injury to his right eye. Now, again journeying to the U.S, he said he planned to ride a freight train north to the border and eventually return to Orlando. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Immigrants listen as Catholic Father Alejandro Solalinde Guerra warns them of the dangers in their journey to the United States, while at the Hermanos en el Camino (Brothers on the Road) shelter on August 4, 2013 in Ixtepec, Mexico. The shelter, founded by Solalinde in 2007, houses and feeds immigrants, mostly from Central America, during a stop on their train route through Mexico towards the U.S. border.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Central American immigrants check a map of Mexico before boarding a freight train headed north on August 3, 2013 from Arriaga, Mexico.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Immigrants arrive for a rest stop after a 15 hour ride atop a freight train headed north in Ixtepec, Mexico, on August 4, 2013.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Central American immigrants atop a freight train stop briefly in Ixtepec, on August 6, 2013. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Central American immigrants arrive on top of a freight train to the Hermanos en el Camino immigrant shelter in Ixtepec, on August 6, 2013. The sign outside reads "Welcome Migrants." (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Central American immigrants ride north on top of a freight train near Juchitlan, Mexico, on August 6, 2013. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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A Central American immigrant rides atop a freight train on August 6, 2013 through Juchitlan, Mexico. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Immigrants duck beneath tree branches while riding on top of a freight train near Juchitlan, on August 6, 2013.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Immigrants fall asleep atop a freight train near Juchitlan, on August 6, 2013. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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The international port of entry stretches from the U.S. (right), into Mexico on May 21, 2013 in Hidalgo, Texas. The Rio Grande Valley area is an important international commercial zone but has also become the busiest sector for illegal immigration and a key drug smuggling route on the entire U.S.-Mexico border. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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A suspected drug smuggling scout paddles his raft back across the Rio Grande into Mexico from the U.S. side of the border on May 21, 2013 near Hidalgo, Texas. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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An anthropology student marks the spot where human bones of a suspected undocumented immigrant were found by the U.S. Border Patrol on a ranch on May 22, 2013 in Falfurrias, Brooks County, Texas. In Brooks County alone, at least 129 immigrants perished in 2012, most of dehydration while making the long crossing from Mexico. Teams from Baylor University and the University of Indianapolis are exhuming the bodies of more than 50 immigrants who died, mostly from heat exhaustion, while crossing illegally from Mexico into the United States. The bodies will be examined and cross checked with DNA sent from Mexico and Central American countries, with the goal of reuniting the remains with families. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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A U.S. Border Patrol agent detains undocumented immigrants who had crossed from Mexico into the United States on April 11, 2013 in Mission, Texas. In the last month the Border Patrol's Rio Grande Valley sector has seen a spike in the number of immigrants crossing the river from Mexico into Texas. With more apprehensions, they have struggled to deal with overcrowding while undocumented immigrants are processed for deportation. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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A U.S. Border Patrol agent handcuffs an undocumented immigrant near the U.S.-Mexico border near Mission, Texas, on April 11, 2013. A group of 16 immigrants from Mexico and El Salvador said they crossed the Rio Grande River from Mexico into Texas during the morning hours before they were caught. (John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Glegario Ramiriz, 44, poses for a portrait as he serves time in Maricopa County Sheriff Joe Arpaio's tent jail in Phoenix, Arizona, on March 11, 2013. Ramirez was arrested in Phoenix in November for drug possession. He said he had been living with his family in Phoenix and previously Los Angeles for a total of 34 years. As an undocumented immigrant with a criminal record, he may likely be deported to Mexico after his serving his sentence. President Obama's administration deported a record 1.5 million people during his first term of office. In 2012, 55 percent of deportees had criminal convictions for drug offenses or driving under the influence, according to U.S. immigration officials.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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An immigrant inmate exercises while another sits on his bunk at the Maricopa County Tent City jail on March 11, 2013 in Phoenix, Arizona. The striped uniforms and pink undergarments are standard issue at the facility, despite an ongoing court challenge. The tent jail, run by Maricopa County Sheriff Joe Arpaio, houses undocumented immigrants who are serving up to one year after being convicted of crime in the county. Although many of immigrants have lived in the U.S for years, often with families, most will be deported to Mexico after serving their sentences.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Jose Rosales, 17, from Guatemala spends a night at the San Juan Bosco shelter for immigrants in Nogales, Mexico, on March 9, 2013. Rosales said that he had lived as an undocumented immigrant in Los Angeles for two years before he was deported. He planned to try and cross into Arizona with a "coyote" or human smuggler in the upcoming days. The Juan Bosco shelter, located in Nogales, Mexico close to the U.S. border, allows immigrants to stay for up to three nights, either after they have been deported from the U.S. or before they try to cross into Arizona.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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An immigrant from Guanajuato, Mexico spends a night at the San Juan Bosco shelter in Nogales, Mexico, on March 9, 2013. The man, 40, who preferred to not give his name, said he had been living in California for 14 years, working as a farm laborer. He said he was arrested by police after an argument with his spouse and then turned over to immigration authorities, who deported him a month later.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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Jorge Rodriguez, 62, from Guatemala, spends a night at the San Juan Bosco shelter for undocumented immigrants in Nogales, Mexico, on March 9, 2013. Rodriguez said he worked in the United States for 8 months before he was detained by immigration authorities and deported.(John Moore/Getty Images) #

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American citizen Lace Rodriguez and her husband Javier Guerrero from Mexico, embrace with their son Javier Jr., in Nogales, Mexico, on March 10, 2013. The family lived together in Phoenix, Arizona before Guerrero, an undocumented worker from Mexico, was detained by the Border Patrol after being stopped for speeding and drug possession, held for three months by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and then deported March 4 to Nogales, Mexico. Guerrero had lived in the United States for 17 years. He and Rodriguez, a medical student, have two children, and she is nine months pregnant with a third. The splitting up of families has become a major issue as the U.S. works towards immigration reform. (John Moore/Getty Images)

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A flight carrying 59 women and children arrived Friday in Honduras from New Mexico, the second group of migrants from the Central American country to be deported from the United States this week.

 

Nun Valdette Willeman welcomed the 33 children and 26 women at San Pedro Sula airport's Center for Returned Migrants.

'All the children came accompanied by their mother, none of them traveled alone,' Willeman said.

She said there is a playground for the children and a place for their parents to clean up and get ready before continuing to their hometowns by bus. Each child received a small backpack with crayons, and their mothers about $24 for travel expenses.

Return: Immigration and Custom officials standby as a woman and child, who were deported from the United States, deplane at the San Pedro Sula airport in Honduras

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Return: Immigration and Custom officials standby as a woman and child, who were deported from the United States, deplane at the San Pedro Sula airport in Honduras

A girl, deported from the United States, walks to board a bus that will take her to the Center for Migrants Returned, upon her arrival at the airport in San Pedro Sula on Friday

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A girl, deported from the United States, walks to board a bus that will take her to the Center for Migrants Returned, upon her arrival at the airport in San Pedro Sula on Friday

Several of the women said they had mixed emotions about failing to stay in the United States and that they now worry about paying back the thousands of dollars they borrowed to travel north.

'Part of my heart stayed in the U.S. because I missed a chance to get ahead in life,' said Isabel Rodriguez, who was deported along with her 2-year-old boy and 8-year-old daughter.

'The most important thing is that I'm with my children,' she added.

Another woman who wouldn't give her name said she still owes about $7,200 she borrowed to pay the smuggler.

On Monday, about 40 Honduran migrants detained in New Mexico were deported to their home country.

The U.S. Border Patrol has detained fewer unaccompanied children entering South Texas illegally in the past 10 days, agency officials said Thursday.

In recent months, the Border Patrol's facilities in South Texas have been overwhelmed by a surge in the number of children entering the country without their parents. More than 57,000 children have been arrested since October, more than double the number compared to a year earlier.

The Border Patrol's Rio Grande Valley sector Chief Kevin Oaks made the comment about declining child arrests following a media tour of a new processing facility for them in McAllen. The 55,000-square-foot converted warehouse is scheduled to open Friday and temporarily house as many as 1,000 children until they can be turned over to the Health and Human Services Department and sent to shelters.

'We arrested 80 juveniles yesterday, so within the last 10 days we've seen a decrease in the number of juveniles arrested,' Oaks said. Later, Roel Rodriguez, the agent who will head the new processing facility, said that daily arrest tally was down from 200 to 300 unaccompanied children at the surge's height.

Children arrested after entering the U.S. without their parents posed a challenge for the Border Patrol. Its stations are equipped only with simple holding cells and not intended for extended stays. When agents began arresting more children than could be quickly processed they backed up stations in the Rio Grande Valley, forcing the agency to bus and fly detainees to other parts of Texas and out of state.

Protection: A woman, holding her daughter, wears a cloth over her head to protect her identity from waiting news media, as she deplanes

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Protection: A woman, holding her daughter, wears a cloth over her head to protect her identity from waiting news media, as she deplanes

Oaks' comments jibe with a general drop in total immigrant arrests in South Texas in the final week of June. The Border Patrol has not released such data for July, but weekly arrest totals included in law enforcement intelligence reports obtained by The Associated Press in May and June show that arrests dropped in the final week of June to a level not seen since mid-May. Weekly arrest totals in the Rio Grande Valley during those months peaked in mid-June at more than 9,000. The factors contributing to the drop are unclear and it is unknown if it will continue.

Oaks said that with the opening of the McAllen facility, the Border Patrol was winding down a similar processing center in Nogales, Arizona, and he expected it to close within a week. The vast majority of the children enter the U.S. in South Texas and the new processing facility is just around the corner from the region's busiest Border Patrol station. Law requires the Border Patrol to turn the children over to HHS within 72 hours of their arrest.

He said his sector now had fewer than 200 unaccompanied children in custody, compared to as many as 1,200 on any given day during the peak.

Deported: A woman and her son walk on the tarmac after disembarking from a plane with deportees from the U.S., at the Ramon Villeda international airport in San Pedro Sula

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Deported: A woman and her son walk on the tarmac after disembarking from a plane with deportees from the U.S., at the Ramon Villeda international airport in San Pedro Sula

Families: Two women and their children, who were deported from the United States, walk on the tarmac after deplaning

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Families: Two women and their children, who were deported from the United States, walk on the tarmac after deplaning

The children, mostly from Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador, are fleeing widespread gang violence and poverty in their home countries. Some come to reunite with parents already in the U.S., while others flee for their lives. Some parents have said they've heard rumors that the children will be allowed to remain in the U.S. and the government tries to reunite children with relatives in the U.S. while they wait for their cases to be heard.

Generally, the children have been turning themselves in to the first official in a uniform they see after crossing the Rio Grande.

President Barack Obama has requested $3.7 billion in emergency spending to deal with what he termed 'an urgent humanitarian situation.' That request increasingly appears in jeopardy as Democrats and Republicans clash over how to remedy the situation.

The new McAllen facility was set up inside a leased warehouse. Tall chain-link fences divide it into four 'pods,' each capable of holding up to 250 children. Children will sleep on small green mattresses, receive medical screenings and have common areas to watch television.

'The issue is very complex. We're not talking about criminals or anything,' Oaks said. 'These are innocent children fleeing desperate times whether it's poverty, whether it's violence, whether it's the draw of a better life the United States, whether it's family reunification.'

Mexican crackdown has significantly cut numbers of child migrants on notoriously dangerous train to the US

  • Mexican federal police are scouring the tracks of the infamous freight train known as 'The Beast'
  • Authorities are hauling migrants from the rail cars and sending them to deportation centers
  • The operation has greatly decreased the flow of Central Americans trying to reach the US
  • The number of children and families has been greatly reduced

Mexico's largest crackdown in decades on illegal migration has decreased the flow of Central Americans trying to reach the United States — and has dramatically cut the number of child migrants and families.

Convoys of Mexican federal police and immigration service employees in southern Mexico have begun scouring the tracks of the infamous freight train known as 'La Bestia,' or The Beast, hauling migrants from the rail cars and sending them to deportation centers. They have also set up moving roadblocks, checking the documents of passengers on interstate buses.

Associated Press journalists who followed the train one night this week as it left the southern state of Chiapas and entered neighboring Oaxaca noticed the drop-off, with just a few dozen mostly adult males perched atop the rumbling cars instead of the hundreds of men, women and children who were there not long ago. The men said they were the only ones able to evade capture. There were only two women and no children on the train.

Immigration officials detain a Central American migrants during a raid by federal police on a northbound freight train, in San Ramon, Mexico, just after midnight on Friday, Aug. 29, 2014. Migrants captured in raids are deported to their home countries. The largest crackdown by Mexican authorities on illegal migration in decades has decreased the flow of Central American migrants trying to reach the United States, and has dramatically cut the number of child migrants and families, according to officials and eyewitness accounts along the perilous route.(AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell)

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An immigration officer leads a young migrant to a holding van, during a raid by federal police on a northbound freight train in San Ramon, Mexico

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Immigration officials detain a Central American migrants during a raid by federal police on a northbound freight train, in San Ramon, Mexico

A Mexican crackdown seems to be keeping women and children off the deadly train, known as 'The Beast,' that has traditionally helped thousands of migrants head north

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A Mexican crackdown seems to be keeping women and children off the deadly train, known as 'The Beast,' that has traditionally helped thousands of migrants head north

Immigration officials remove Central American migrants from a northbound freight train during a raid by federal police in San Ramon, Mexico, just after midnight on the morning of Friday, Aug. 29, 2014. The largest crackdown by Mexican authorities on illegal migration in decades has decreased the flow of Central American migrants trying to reach the United States, and has dramatically cut the number of child migrants and families, according to officials and eyewitness accounts along the perilous route.(AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell)

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A Central American migrant jumps on a northbound freight train as it pulls out of the station in Arriaga, Mexico, late on Thursday, Aug. 28, 2014. Less than two hours later, the train was raided by federal police and around a dozen migrants were taken into custody for deportation. The largest crackdown by Mexican authorities on illegal migration in decades has decreased the flow of Central American migrants trying to reach the United States, and has dramatically cut the number of child migrants and families, according to officials and eyewitness accounts along the perilous route.(AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell)

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A Central American migrant is led off a northbound train during a raid by federal Mexican authorities (left) while another one hops on (right)

The once-open route to the United States has become so difficult that trains now carry a small fraction of the migrants they used to, and almost exclusively adult men

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The once-open route to the United States has become so difficult that trains now carry a small fraction of the migrants they used to, and almost exclusively adult men

'They took almost everyone,' said Jorge Ruiz Williams, a 20-year-old Honduran migrant who avoided detention and was seated atop La Bestia on Tuesday night. 'We escaped because we're young and agile.'

When the authorities come, the migrants who once circulated openly in shelters and boarded the cars as they were being attached to the locomotive are forced to hide in the woods, where criminals lurk.

Some of the Central American men say that instead of trying to cross into the United States they'll now stay and look for work in Mexico.

Many families have apparently decided not to attempt the journey through Mexico at all since news of the raids and checkpoints — combined with stepped up efforts in the U.S. and among Central American governments — reached their communities, said Carlos Solis, the manager of a shelter in Arriaga. He said the city, once bustling with migrants waiting to board the train, emptied out almost overnight.

Central American migrants rest atop the last boxcar of a moving freight train as it heads north from Arriaga toward Chahuites, Mexico

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Central American migrants rest atop the last boxcar of a moving freight train as it heads north from Arriaga toward Chahuites, Mexico

Migrants jump onto a moving freight train as it departs from Arriaga, Chiapas state, Mexico. In contrast to the many hundreds of migrants who used to board the train in Arriaga, only three could be seen jumping on on this day. Several dozen others emerged from wooded areas to hop aboard in the several kilometers outside Arriaga

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Migrants jump onto a moving freight train as it departs from Arriaga, Chiapas state, Mexico. In contrast to the many hundreds of migrants who used to board the train in Arriaga, only three could be seen jumping on on this day. Several dozen others emerged from wooded areas to hop aboard in the several kilometers outside Arriaga

Convoys of Mexican federal police and immigration service employees in southern Mexico have begun scouring the tracks of the infamous freight train known as 'La Bestia,' or The Beast, hauling migrants from the rail cars and sending them to deportation centers

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Convoys of Mexican federal police and immigration service employees in southern Mexico have begun scouring the tracks of the infamous freight train known as 'La Bestia,' or The Beast, hauling migrants from the rail cars and sending them to deportation centers

'The word spreads, one person tells another, and it goes down the line,' Solis said.

'They're also going after the coyotes, so it is increasing the cost of the trip and making them move through less visible areas,' he said, referring to the smugglers paid to get migrants through to the U.S. border.

American and Mexican officials say they are noticing the same drop-off all along the route.

The roundups follow U.S. requests for help from Mexico, as well as Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador.

On Aug. 7, the Department of Homeland Security released data showing the number of unaccompanied children and children traveling with a parent arrested along the Southwest border of the United States in July was roughly 13,000, half what it had been in June.

A sole clown shoe belonging to Honduran migrant Jorge Ruiz Williams, 20, lies atop a freight train after it arrived at the station in Ixtepec, Mexico. Williams escape s a police raid and later he had lost both shoes, but the rest of his professional clown costume was intact

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A sole clown shoe belonging to Honduran migrant Jorge Ruiz Williams, 20, lies atop a freight train after it arrived at the station in Ixtepec, Mexico. Williams escape s a police raid and later he had lost both shoes, but the rest of his professional clown costume was intact

When the authorities come, the migrants who once circulated openly in shelters and boarded the cars as they were being attached to the locomotive, are forced to hide in the woods, where criminals lurk

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When the authorities come, the migrants who once circulated openly in shelters and boarded the cars as they were being attached to the locomotive, are forced to hide in the woods, where criminals lurk

Officials in Chahuites say they do not allow federal police raids on migrants to happen in their small municipality. Strict enforcement is already drawing criticism, because it so closely mirrors the deadly cat-and-mouse game that U.S. border patrol agents have long played with Mexican migrants farther north

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Officials in Chahuites say they do not allow federal police raids on migrants to happen in their small municipality. Strict enforcement is already drawing criticism, because it so closely mirrors the deadly cat-and-mouse game that U.S. border patrol agents have long played with Mexican migrants farther north

DHS Secretary Jeh Johnson said the trend appeared to be continuing during the first week of August, and President Barack Obama said Thursday that numbers for the whole month will show a further decline.

'We're seeing a significant downward trend in terms of these unaccompanied children,' Obama said.

It is a far cry from the wave of migration that pressed toward the U.S. earlier this year, spurred on by a surge in violence in several Central American countries and news that women and children who reached the United States were being let go inside the country with orders to return for immigration hearings because family shelter space had filled up.

From October to July, about 63,000 unaccompanied children were detained after entering the U.S. illegally, double the number from the same period a year earlier. Another 63,000 families — mothers or fathers with young children — were picked up during that period.

An immigration official checks a bus for Central American migrants, at a roadblock north of Arriaga

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An immigration official checks a bus for Central American migrants, at a roadblock north of Arriaga

A northbound freight train, virtually empty of migrants, departs from Arriaga, Chiapas state, Mexico. In contrast to the many hundreds of migrants who used to board the train in Arriaga, only three could be seen jumping on on this day

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A northbound freight train, virtually empty of migrants, departs from Arriaga, Chiapas state, Mexico. In contrast to the many hundreds of migrants who used to board the train in Arriaga, only three could be seen jumping on on this day

A freight train heads north between Arriaga and Chahuites, Mexico

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A freight train heads north between Arriaga and Chahuites, Mexico

There were no Central American children in the government shelter in Reynosa, across the border from McAllen, Texas, coordinator Jose Guadalupe Villegas Garcia said Thursday. During the surge, at any one time the shelter housed about 15 Central American kids who had been apprehended or rescued by Mexican authorities before crossing the Rio Grande. Officials say the children are being caught long before they get to the border.

'There are very few foreigners,' said Carlos Jimenez, a spokesman with the Mexican family services agency in Reynosa. 'We received three or four children' in August.

Omar Zamora, a Border Patrol spokesman in the Rio Grande Valley, where most of the unaccompanied children have entered the U.S., said Thursday that the agency was seeing about 30 to 40 of the children in custody each day in recent weeks. That is down from a peak when 300 or more were arrested in a day earlier this summer.

How long Mexico can or will sustain such a massive operation is unclear. Sealing off the notoriously porous border with Guatemala is neither physically possible nor politically popular, and strict enforcement further inland is already drawing criticism, because it so closely mirrors the deadly cat-and-mouse game that U.S. border patrol agents have long played with Mexican migrants farther north.

A Central American migrant sits alone atop a freight train as it heads north from Arriaga to Ixtepec, Mexico

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A Central American migrant sits alone atop a freight train as it heads north from Arriaga to Ixtepec, Mexico

A pair of Central American migrants studies a map of Mexico as they arrive at a migrant shelter in Ixtepec, after riding atop a freight train from Arriaga, Mexico

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A pair of Central American migrants studies a map of Mexico as they arrive at a migrant shelter in Ixtepec, after riding atop a freight train from Arriaga, Mexico

But for now, the effort shows no sign of abating.

Williams, the Honduran migrant, said dozens of Mexican federal police and immigration agents boarded La Bestia this week at a remote, unscheduled stop and hauled off all but a handful of the most fleet-footed migrants. To escape capture, Williams had to speed across cars and swing down on a steel ladder, injuring his hand in the process, before climbing back aboard when the danger had passed.

Criminal gangs who used to prey on migrants on the train, threatening to throw them off unless they cooperated, are hiding in the woods near the highway checkpoints where immigration officials search passing buses, said Aliver Leon Lopez, 29, of Ahuachapan, El Salvador. He was shot in the neck by a band of thieves because he tried to hide his money from them.

'Before each checkpoint you have to get off and walk through the woods,' said Leon Lopez, who still wears a bloody bandage on his neck. 'They (criminals) have located the points where migrants get off to walk.'

A migrant rests in a near-empty migrant shelter in Ixtepec, Mexico

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A migrant rests in a near-empty migrant shelter in Ixtepec, Mexico

Migrants said the train they rode on from Arriaga was raided by authorities during the night, and most of the migrants aboard either fled or were captured

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Migrants said the train they rode on from Arriaga was raided by authorities during the night, and most of the migrants aboard either fled or were captured

A pair of Central American migrants has lunch under a train as they wait for it to depart from Arriaga, Mexico. The city, once bustling with migrants waiting to board the train, emptied out almost overnight

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A pair of Central American migrants has lunch under a train as they wait for it to depart from Arriaga, Mexico. The city, once bustling with migrants waiting to board the train, emptied out almost overnight

Faced with the nearly overwhelming obstacles in reaching the United States, Leon Lopez and others say they are giving up, at least for now. He plans to apply for a humanitarian visa available in Mexico to those who have been crime victims. Other migrants talked about finding work in Mexico, rather than the United States.

'Before you could get through more easily,' said Abner Ramirez, 30, a coffee picker from Coatepeque, Guatemala, who was sleeping on the side of the railway tracks in Chahuites after fleeing another raid on the train over the weekend.

'If I can get a steady job, a steady paycheck, I'd stay ... to send money back home,' he said.

Juan Antonio Salmeron, a 48-year old construction worker from La Union, El Salvador, said he wants to work in the northern Mexico state of Sinaloa, picking fruit or vegetables.

'You can earn good money there,' Salmeron said.

Migrants wait beside a train depot in the town of Chahuites, Mexico, which has decided to protect and aid migrants passing through

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Migrants wait beside a train depot in the town of Chahuites, Mexico, which has decided to protect and aid migrants passing through

A Central American migrant rides aboard a moving freight train as it departs from Arriaga, Chiapas state, Mexico

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A Central American migrant rides aboard a moving freight train as it departs from Arriaga, Chiapas state, Mexico